11-1 & 11-2 Modern European History
European History
Okay, modern European history. Now you read chapter 11 sections one and two for today. And in order to understand Europe's geography, you have to understand a little bit about its history in the past. There are borders throughout Europe. And the borders today have to understand the truth. So modern European history. People like to talk about, especially guys tend to like this part of history. We're going to talk about First World War. So everybody should have their notebooks out ready to go, right? And if you don't have any notebooks out, if you don't have paper, better borrow something, I shouldn't have to remind you. I've said it a couple times now. So, World War I, does anybody remember from the reading or from their assignment when World War I starts? When does World War I begin? When does it begin, Hannah? 1914, correct. It goes from 1914 to 1918. World War I is 1914 to 1918. And at that time, most of Europe was at war with each other. There were a few areas of Europe that did not get involved in World War I. But most of the countries in Europe were at war with each other. Most of Europe was at war with each other in World War. Infant different groups. Let's see here. Victor right here. You are a tiny country called Serbia. Okay? Everybody that lives in Serbia here. You are called Serbs. Just like if you live in the United States of America, you are called Americans. You live in Serbia. You are served. The austro-hungarian empire. Sometimes called Austria Hungary. Now there's a part of Austria Hungary. Right here, this row here, which has some Serbs in it. From this role, right here, it bothers here. You look like you were deathly afraid, but. I just need to. First over here and know what they need to do, okay? Okay. This gentleman over here is next in line to become emperor of Austria Hungary. When I die, I'm the emperor right now. When I die, he becomes emperor of all Austria Hungary. His Peru. He goes with his wife and they poured throughout Austria Hungary and eventually they come to this region of Austria Hungary. Remember this row here? Now, he has a little parade for the street in his car, cars were something new back then. They didn't go that fast. And so he is touring, you don't actually drive, you have a driver. You're that rich. Okay? Now, so come on over here and wave to your way through your subjects, wait for your subjects, wait for your subject. Somebody jumps out, suits him. And then runs and hides, runs and hides in little tiny Serbia. Serbia and says, you better give him up. You better give us the guide that killed my nephew. Little tiny Serbia goes. No. Austria Hungary. But they're like, bring it on. We have a friend. That's bigger than you. Our friend is over and it's all in this Seaver since class. It's real name is Russia. And if you do something to us it will stop after you. For Austria decides to send in his troops and declares war on Serbia and says we will invade. If you do not give up the terrorist who was a Serb, certainly doesn't have so Austria Hungary declares war on Serbia. Serbia's friend Russia. Well, Russia declared war on all four hundred. So let declare war on Russia. Well, if Germany declared war on Russia, Russia's friend, France, will get ready to declare war on Germany. Well, if France is going to get involved, then Germany is going to attack France before France can attack them, and they're going to take a short cut through the tiny country of Belgium. A friend? Belgium friend is Great Britain or the United Kingdom. And so they declare war on Germany. And Austria Hungary, and pretty much everybody is at war with everybody in Europe. And it's all because of what? All because of the Serb terrorist that killed arts two Franz Ferdinand. The entire continent of Europe is at war because of what one person did. In those classic salmon. In other classes, it was other people. Now, that's how World War I begins. We're done with the reenactment we can go back here to. That is how World War I begins. World War I begins as a result of a Serb terrorist attacking an assassinating the heir to the throne of Austria Hungary. On this map, you will read Austria Hungary, Germany, turkey, Bulgaria, those were called the Central Powers. Green was the. Best. These were early on. However, the central power do lose. So it started by a Serb terrorist. Emmett in our situation here. It started by a Serb terrorist. One person's accents. And then the stubbornness of other group leads to the entire thing happening. Started by sir terrorist and the Central Powers lose. Germany, Austria Hungary, turkey, or back then it was the Ottoman Empire. They lose the war. Now, just a refresher. How does this force start? How does this war start to start? Epic the big one. The third terrorist starts this war. But we can't blame success isn't further shy. You'd blame us very hungry. Let me know. We're not even going to blame Austria Hungary. Let's blame Germany. Let's blame Germany, even though they got involved after Russia. After Austria Hungary, and after the third terrorist. But let's blame them. Okay, it doesn't make a lot of sense to me. But hey, that's the way they did it. Now, imagine you are all, now Sherman, you all live in Germany. You all live in Germany. You are German. And I am like Great Britain and France. As I said, I think it's time for the war. Oh, well, if you have, so that you don't get too many ships than we do. Oh. We'll also tell you where you can and can not put your own soldiers within your country. There are places in your country that you can't have your own soldier because it's too close to some of it the other country. Oh, and one last thing? You have to pay us back for all the damages during the war. You have to pay for our part of the war too. Are you guys happy about that? No. They were very unhappy with it, especially since was the war their fault. No. And what happens as a result of these punishments? Severely punished. They have to pay back the other countries that they were at war with. Well, in order to pay it back since they did catch up with money because they were fighting for wars are expensive. They decided let's print some more money. Well. The worth of something is something worth more or less. If you have a lot of it around. If you have a lot of something, is it worth more or less? It's worth less because it's not as rare. Rare things, things that aren't available as readily available are worth more. So the more money you print, the less value the money has. It gets so bad that there are times. People with all papers and walls with money because it's cheaper than buy all people. They would burn it in their furniture in their soul because which paper to burn the money, but actually. Germany was in a very bad situation as a result of this. And at the end of World War I, the United States president at the time. Before. The hate each other, but the leader makes sure that they don't fight amongst themselves. Don't have sort of a dictatorship to make sure that the people there don't kill each other. Eventually they do start killing each other, but we'll get into that in a couple weeks in a week or two. Yes. You have a problem. It happens before. The World War I, that's why. The thought far is what the word for emperor. And then afterward, it wasn't quite as fancy. It used to be where all the rich people would go shopping before the revolution. Okay, poor people rebel against the Tsar in Russia. Communism promises. One of the promises of communism, one of the promises of communism. Okay, good. We talk about everybody is equal. Equality for everyone. Regardless of the color of your skin, regardless of the language you speak, regardless of your gender. Ladies, I'm sorry to be the one to break it to you, but in the United States in 1917, you were considered two stupid to vote. In 1917, you were not allowed to vote in the United States because men and many women thought that it was too difficult for your brains to make a decision. So we don't want to hurt you by letting you think and vote. There are two delicate we don't want to hurt that brain of yours. That was the thought in the United States in 1917. You don't get the right to vote in the United States until the 1920s. In Russia? Under communism, you could vote. 1917? You could vote. Women were equal. Women could do any job a man could do. That wasn't the case in the United States. That wasn't the case. According to communism, women and men are equal. There is no difference they can do everything. There were lots, most doctors in the Soviet Union were women. Not supposed to see men's arms or their legs. Swimming suits back in the early or late 1800s, early 1900s. When from from wrist to ankle, covering everything for men and women. Folks were swimming suits. Because you weren't supposed to see any skin. Equality for everyone, even women. They also said this, no rich, no poor. Nobody is going to be rich. Nobody's going to be poor. Everybody will be equal. Everybody will have the same amount of money. Everybody will have free education. Including college, everybody will have free medical care. Everybody will have a place to live. That they pay only a small amount of money for. Everybody will be able to afford food. Because the government will control the prices of the food. So nobody can charge more than what the government says, so everybody can get food. That was what communism promised. Equality for everyone, no rich no poor. Yeah. Not necessarily. Many of the apartment buildings were. There are very few variations. Very few variations. Cars, there wasn't a big variation on cars. And things like that. But communism promised equality for everyone and no rich no poor. So if you were in Europe and you were homeless, you were hungry. Would you would that appeal to you? Yeah, what? Yeah, certainly it would. And so that's the idea behind communism. Now keep that in mind as we talk about it later on throughout the years. Communism, this idea of equality for everyone, no rich. Italy. All the way up. That you can't tear that in red. That's because that Switzerland. Now, Germany starts the war. Germany starts the war. It's not what it can't be saying. Both certainly, I will kill this people. He did not campaign like that. I don't think we're laughing. But it proves he did not campaign, I will show through. He campaigns to say, I will make sure everybody has enough money. That works something. We fill our army. I will give you a recovery. Our country, then I want to. I will cancel all the punishment from World War I. Would you vote for a guy that set that after what you've been through? Yeah. Only after he won the election and he did some trickery and tricking people into voting for him, but only after that, does he become a dictator, and then start focusing on murdering people Jews, holes, homosexuals, gypsies, it wasn't as truth. 6 million Jews, 5 million people. Difficult. That's a big trunk of 8th grade. Germany starts it. And as we said, and as you told me, World War II is caused by German punishment after World War I. President Wilson was correct. Don't punish Germany. We'll have another war. France and Great Britain didn't listen. And we all paid the consequence. Just imagine what the world would be like if they didn't punish Germany after World War I. Or if I didn't shoot the one guy that started World War I. Yeah, thanks, Emmett. No. World War II is caused by the German punishment World War I. Things would have been a lot different had that not happened. Germany wouldn't have any reason to elect Hitler. And things would be a lot different. Germany loses as you know, Germany loses World War II. And just like in World War I, the countries and borders in Europe say some supporters change some countries get bigger, some get smaller, some countries get shifted from one location to another. So Europe's borders change again. I know that'd be odd, the entire country gets shifted over. And what that means is that everybody has to move with the country. It happened. There were massive amounts of people that had to walk hundreds of miles because their country got moved. There's a map before World War II. Pay special attention over here along the border with the Soviet Union or the USSR. Estonia Latvia Lithuania Poland pays special attention for the for that region as I change the map. Falling got a little smaller and got shifted, but notice what happens to Estonia Latvia Lithuania. Bye bye as somebody said, yeah. Because at the beginning of World War II, the Soviet Union and Hitler worked together to divide up Europe. When Hitler moved in this way, let's Soviet Union went in this way. They said, okay, let's divide it up. And if you want, as I change the math now. You'll eventually go. You'll see Soviet Union got it fart and got to hold on to it even after the war because eventually the Soviet Union became our friend. In the war. Notice East Germany and West Germany, two different germanies now. Poland is the border of change and then a lot of countries are disappeared. Yeah. So the union. Union of Soviet Socialist republics, just like USA is United States of America. After World War II, we get something called the Cold War. And you write about that for today too. A Cold War is different than a hot war. A hot war. Let's say that Mustafa and I hate each other. If we were two countries and we were in a hot war, we would fight each other directly. Boom, boom, boom, boom, boom, boom. But the problem is, Baltimore Mustafa and I have nuclear weapons. And if we use that, then we just saw the entire world and nobody went. So we choose different people that are fighting amongst themselves. Anyway, and help them. So if Ariel here is at war with William, I will help William so that he can win while Mustafa helps Ariel win until we're really fighting each other. We'll stop and I are fighting, but we're fighting indirectly. We're fighting through other people. They're doing the fighting. We get to stand back and watch. That's the Cold War. The Cold War is the Soviet Union. And the west battling each other in different locations without actually fighting. That's what the Cold War is. The communist Russia, which becomes known as the Soviet Union, takes over all of Eastern Europe. Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, all become little puppets. They all become controlled. Your book called them satellites. Of the Soviet Union. They can't do anything without the Soviet Union giving them permission. And if they back talk to the Soviet Union, if they don't do what the Soviet Union wants them to, the Soviet Union will send in their tanks. And take about. And that happened a couple times in Eastern Europe. Where the people said, no, we don't want to be controlled by the Soviet Union anymore, so the Soviet Union sent him tanks. And sorry to say, unarmed people on the streets versus tanks, tanks normally win. So we had Eastern Europe controlled by the Soviet Union. And so they all became communist. Western Europe became free. Each country got to choose its own path. So to speak. France, Great Britain, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, the Netherlands, Italy. They all get to choose their own path. But the Soviet Union controls Eastern Europe. But where Eastern Europe and Western Europe meet, there's a country there. What country is there that gets divided during the Cold War after World War II? It's divided. Berlin is the city, but the country that it's located in is Ariel. Germany. They divide Germany up. There's East Germany and West Germany. East Germany is communist, controlled by the Soviet Union and West Germany. It's free. Not controlled by anybody, but the. Plan is divided into flat. Germany didn't like their government. They could fight things and fold by the Soviet Union. Many of them started to walk. Right across the street.